Florence

The best times to visit Florence are during the shoulder seasons: April-May and September-October. The weather is pleasant, the crowds are smaller than in the peak summer months, and prices for accommodation are generally lower.

Must-see attractions include the Duomo (Florence Cathedral) with Brunelleschi's Dome, the Uffizi Gallery (home to Renaissance masterpieces), the Ponte Vecchio (the only bridge spared from destruction during World War II), and the Accademia Gallery (housing Michelangelo's David).

Dress modestly when visiting churches (shoulders and knees covered). Learn a few basic Italian phrases. Be aware of the 'siesta' hours, when some shops and businesses may close in the afternoon. Tipping is not mandatory, but appreciated for good service.

Florence is a very walkable city, and many attractions are within easy walking distance. The city center is largely pedestrianized. Consider using the local bus system (ATAf) for longer distances. Taxis are available, but can be expensive. Avoid driving in the city center as traffic is often congested.

Indulge in Florentine steak (bistecca alla fiorentina), ribollita (a hearty bread and vegetable soup), lampredotto (a local street food sandwich), and gelato. Try a cooking class to learn how to make traditional Florentine dishes. Enjoy an aperitivo at sunset.